Impact of Stepper Drive Current Settings on Torque

By adjusting the current settings of the drive, you can balance the motor's torque output and heat generation. In the following example, we will demonstrate the change in torque by modifying the PEAK current of a motor via DIP switches.

From the torque-speed graph above, it can be seen that the effect of current settings on torque is more pronounced at low speeds. Since stepper motors experience significant torque drop at high speeds, we will compare them only within their normal working speed range. Based on this, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. For Regular Use – Choose Balanced Settings

Set the PEAK current to around the motor’s rated value. Within this range, the motor can deliver most of its torque while maintaining moderate heat generation.

2. When Torque Demand Is Low – Choose Economy Settings

If torque requirements are not high, you can set the PEAK current to 50%–70% of the rated value. This slightly reduces motor heating and noise, making it especially suitable for applications that prioritize heat dissipation and continuous operation.

3. When Maximum Torque Is Needed – Choose High-Performance Settings

When the motor must deliver its maximum torque, set the RMS current to the rated current (provided the drive supports it). However, ensure that the system has good ventilation and heat dissipation, and that operation is intermittent. Monitor the temperature rise closely—if the motor becomes excessively hot, reduce the setting by one level. Avoid prolonged operation under overheating conditions.

4. Not Recommended Settings

Avoid setting the RMS current higher than the motor’s rated value. Doing so will hardly increase torque but will cause the motor and drive to overheat rapidly, resulting in higher power consumption, reduced equipment lifespan, and more drawbacks than benefits.

Summary

Simply put, setting the PEAK current close to the rated current generally provides the best balance between torque, heat, and reliability. You can fine-tune the setting based on your actual torque requirements and heat dissipation conditions.

Updated on: 30/01/2026