Is Motor Burnout Related to Power Supply Voltage Fluctuations?

Primary Cause of Motor Burnout: Driver Overcurrent, Not Power Voltage Anomalies

This is the most common and direct cause of motor burnout. Normal motor operation relies on "rated current" limits. When the driver output current significantly exceeds the rated value, the coil rapidly accumulates excessive heat due to the current's thermal effect, leading to insulation layer melting, inter-turn short circuits, and eventual burnout.

● Typical Scenario 1: Incorrect Driver Parameter Settings

If the driver’s overload protection threshold or current range is set too high, the protection mechanism may fail to trigger promptly during minor overloads. Persistent overcurrent will rapidly damage the motor, even if the power supply voltage remains within normal range.

For guidance on configuring driver current settings, refer to:

How to Set the Current on Stepper Driver, RMS or Peak?

● Typical Scenario 2: Abnormal Motor Load

When the motor experiences "stall" (e.g., mechanical jamming, load lock) or "overload operation" (actual load far exceeds rated capacity), the motor attempts to output higher torque to overcome resistance, causing current to surge drastically (stall current is typically 5-10 times the rated current). If the driver does not cut off the current promptly, the coil may overheat and burn out within seconds to tens of seconds.

Updated on: 30/10/2025